Means of Protection and Rescue in a Fire

Fire is one of the most dangerous types of emergencies that can cause serious damage to health, life and property. To prevent the devastating consequences of fire help fire protection means, which are designed for both individual and group application.

Means for rescuing in case of fire
Fire rescue equipment includes:

manual and stationary ladders;
automatic elevators;
rescue equipment;
cushioning and inflatable units;
ropes;
flight aids;
special hoses;
ladders.
The listed devices make it possible to eliminate the detrimental effects of fire and help victims to successfully and easily get out of the hearth of a dangerous accident.

Personal protective equipment of citizens in case of fire
Means of individual protection in case of fire are intended for safe exit and rescue of victims from rooms with smoke and fire. They create an effective barrier to carbon monoxide and other toxic impurities emitted by burning objects into the air. According to Technical Regulations № 123-FZ means of personal protection from fire are divided into 2 groups:

equipment for personal protection;
working equipment for firefighters and other groups of professions, representatives of which deal with fire at close or relatively close range.
The working classification is represented by means of personal protection in case of fire, designed to rescue people from heights, to preserve the integrity of the skin, clothing, eye and respiratory tract health.

Means for protection of the respiratory system
Respirators and gas masks are used to protect the respiratory system of a person in a fire. They allow the inhaled air to be purified from the toxins released during combustion. Each of these two individual means of respiratory protection has its own characteristics and advantages. For example, respirators are quite easy to use and allow you to maintain freedom of movement. But they can not always be used.

Gas mask

A gas mask guarantees a higher level of protection for the respiratory organs, eyes and face at the same time. In this case, such a device of personal protection is easily supplemented with cartridges that strengthen the reliability of the barrier to the ingress of harmful substances with high concentrations in the air.

Types of self-rescuers
Self-rescuers make it possible to protect against the products of heating and combustion of many substances of a synthetic nature.

They come in two types:

insulating;
filtering.
SELF-RESCUERS
Rescue of people in a fire with a high level of chemical hazard and large smoke depends largely on the quality of protection from the harmful effects of the environment in an emergency. Self-rescuers are the best option when there is a critical (up to 17%) or zero oxygen level in the surrounding air. This type of equipment allows you to protect your eyes and head from both toxic and thermal effects.

Isolation self-rescuers come in:

oxygen;
air.
The first type protects the visual organ and keeps out carbon monoxide from the air, which can be reused for breathing. In such a self-rescuer, oxygen is in the form of a solid product, from which the right amount of this vital gas is separated as it is used.

The air self-rescuer is a tank in the form of a cylinder filled with compressed air. A tube is connected to the cylinder through which its contents are inhaled.

FILTER SELF-RESCUERS
Self-rescue filtering self-rescuers are intended for single use. This product helps to protect the eyes, breathing passages and head from toxic gases released into the atmosphere during combustion. Instructions for use of the filtering self-rescuer are provided in a special carrying case which is hermetically sealed and easy to open without the risk of accidental opening the vacuum where the means is placed.

Procedure for donning the self-rescue kit
Open the zipper on the self-rescue bag.
Tear open the vacuum packing of the product.
Take out the self-rescuer.
Unfold the self-rescuer and insert both hands into the elastic collar.
Pull the elastic collar apart and place the self-rescuer on your head.

Turn the self-rescuer so that the collar is at neck level.
Make sure the half mask is on your face, covering your nose, mouth and chin.
Tuck your long hair under the bottom of the elastic collar.
Tighten the outer elastic band to fit as snugly as possible, but without squeezing the soft tissues of the neck and nape of the neck.
Protective capes
A fireproof cape protects a person’s clothing from ignition during close proximity to an open flame and in conditions of critically high temperatures. This protective tool is made with technology that involves the use of durable nonflammable materials. This allows you to use the cape to quickly eliminate small fires, transport victims, in the case of which the product can serve as a stretcher, and a blanket for any burden.